Introduction:

It is no doubt that world is becoming hit up and climate is changing. This change and its effect is now a big challenge for the all human kind in the world. The increasing rate of global worming and carbondioxide which is a threat for the existence of humankind, animals, beasts and forests. According to United Nations fund report published 2007 that causes of emission of carbondioxide are made by the all industrialized and developed countries. As an example one third of total emission of carbondioxide  in the world is caused by the United States of America and only 3 percent of the emission of carbondioxide is caused by one billion people from the poorest and underdeveloped countries. According to IPCC, UN’s international panel for climate change, within the next 100 years the oceans will rise one meter, which will drown one third of the cultivable land. In this list Bangladesh is in the highest risk.  

The effects and impacts of climate change in Bangladesh:

1. Bangladesh is country with six seasons. But climate change has destroyed their characteristics.
2. Earthquakes, cyclones, flood, drought, water waves, tsunamis, thunder storms, hailstorms etc are increasing quickly. Specially in the Haor areas –the wet lands – the early flood is increasing, drought, untimely rain, hail storm, earthquakes are creating bad effect on agriculture and decreasing the production.
3.  The depth of river is diminishing which is causing the disappearing of various kinds of fish.
4. To keep the natural balance every country needs at least 25 procent of forest to be preserved. Bangladesh has less then 16 percent forest, mainly in Sundorban mangrove, Chittagong hill tracts and Sylhet. In the mainland and in the haor areas Bangladesh have less then 2 percent forest. Those areas have more demand of logging, so in those areas the rate of natural calamities is high like flood, drought, hailstorm and river erosion.
5. The high percentage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides use is creating different kinds of diseases and increasing arsenic in the water.
6. Due to increasing temperature different contagious diseases become very common.
7. The raise of temperature will cause the sea level to rise up to 88-89 cm within 2050 and 25 percent of the coastal land will be under water which will cause 18 million of climate refugees. Migration from the coastal areas is already going on.
8. Due to violent weather agriculture land will be effected by the salt water which will effect fertility of the soil as well as landslides in the hilly areas, and river and haor erosion will increase.

1. Capacity building is one of the first and most important issues for overcoming the challenges. So first we need to collect information, reports, record, research and training. To achieve the capability we need source of money and skilled and efficient workers. In that respect Bangladesh is still far behind. Because capacity depends on issues like practical evaluation, research, essential information collection, financial ability, skilled human resources, appropriate technologies, proper law and order, social and cultural acceptability. Above all short term, mid term and long term planning for adaptation and mitigation.

2. Of course Bangladesh has started to work on that issues slowly. To address current impacts and manage future risks of climate changes and variability towards development climate resilient Bangladesh, the government has established the Climatic Change Cell (CCC) in the department of environment under the Comprehensive disaster Management Program (CDMP). Climate change research, covering modeling, and adaptation is one major activities of the cell.
3. SUS is working in the local level with grassroot poorest people in northeast part of Bangladesh which is large Haor (wet land). SUS has planned with local practicality and implementing pilot project with each union, lowest administrative zone, separately with the people’s practical situation. SUS aimed to accumulate local knowledge and integrate appropriate technologies together with the goal to face the local challenges.
4. Presently SUS is implementing the following activities:
   a. Awareness building on coordination for emergency integrated development.
   b. To disseminate preventive and curative knowledge on different natural calamities like flood, cyclone, tornado, earthquake, sidor, tsunami, through workshop, seminar, training.
   c. SUS has introduced agro farming and vegetable gardening without using chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Planting environment friendly tree plantation, fruit gardening, local and high yield varieties of seeds and integrating appropriate technologies.

Begum Rokeya

”… only 3 percent of the emission of carbondioxide is caused by one billion people from the poorest and underdeveloped countries.”

”SUS is working in the local level with grassroot poorest people in northeast part of Bangladesh.”